The full name of the 12V 100AH LiFePO4 battery is lithium iron phosphate lithium ion battery, which is too long to be shortened to 12V 100AH LiFePO4 battery. Power battery. Some people also call it “LiFe power battery”.
12V 100AH LiFePO4 battery working principle
The 12V 100AH LiFePO4 battery is a lithium-ion battery with lithium iron phosphate as the cathode material. Lithium-ion battery cathode materials are mainly lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, lithium nickelate, ternary materials, lithium iron phosphate and so on. Lithium cobaltate is the cathode material used in most lithium-ion batteries at present.
12V 100AH LiFePO4 battery significance
In the metal trading market, cobalt (Co) is the most expensive and is not stored in large quantities, nickel (Ni) and manganese (Mn) are cheaper, while iron (Fe) is stored in large quantities. The price of the cathode material is also in line with the price quotes for these metals. Therefore, lithium-ion batteries made with LiFePO4 cathode material should be quite cheap. Another feature of it is that it is environmentally friendly and non-polluting.
As a rechargeable battery requirements are: high capacity, high output voltage, good charge and discharge cycle performance, stable output voltage, high current charge and discharge, electrochemical stability, safety in use (not due to overcharge, over discharge and short circuit and other improper operation caused by combustion or explosion), a wide range of operating temperatures, non-toxic or less toxic, no pollution of the environment. The 12V 100AH LiFePO4 battery with LiFePO4 as positive electrode is good in all these performance requirements, especially in large discharge rate discharge (5-10C discharge), smooth discharge voltage, safety (no combustion, no explosion), life (number of cycles), no pollution to the environment, it is the best, is the best high current output power battery.
12V 100AH LiFePO4 battery structure and working principle
LiFePO4 is used as the positive electrode of the battery and is connected to the positive electrode by an aluminium foil. In the middle is a polymer diaphragm, which separates the positive electrode from the negative electrode, but the lithium ion Li can pass through but the electron e- cannot. Between the top and bottom of the cell is the cell’s electrolyte, and the cell is hermetically sealed by a metal casing.
During charging of the LiFePO4 battery, the lithium ion Li in the positive electrode migrates through the polymer diaphragm towards the negative electrode; during discharge, the lithium ion Li in the negative electrode migrates through the diaphragm towards the positive electrode. Lithium ion batteries are named after the lithium ions that migrate back and forth during charging and discharging.
12V 100AH LiFePO4 battery main performance
LiFePO4 batteries have a nominal voltage of 3.2V, an end charge voltage of 3.6V and an end discharge voltage of 2.0V. The performance of LiFePO4 batteries may vary depending on the quality and process of the positive and negative electrode materials and electrolyte materials used by each manufacturer. For example, the capacity of the same model (standard battery in the same package) varies considerably (10% to 20%).
It should be noted here that different factories produce lithium iron phosphate power batteries in the various performance parameters will have some differences; in addition, there are some battery performance is not included, such as battery internal resistance, self-discharge rate, charge and discharge temperature, etc..
Lithium iron phosphate power battery capacity has a large difference, can be divided into three categories: small zero a few to a few mAh, medium-sized tens of mAh, large hundreds of mAh. There are also some differences in the similar parameters of the different types of batteries.
12V 100AH LiFePO4 battery over-discharge to zero voltage test.
The STL18650 (1100mAh) LiFePO4 power battery was used for the discharge to zero voltage test. Test conditions: use 0.5C charge rate to fill the 1100mAh STL18650 battery, then use 1.0C discharge rate to discharge the battery voltage to 0C. Then the battery will be put into 0V in two groups: one group stored for 7 days, the other group stored for 30 days; after storage expiry, then use 0.5C charge rate to fill, then use 1.0C discharge. Finally, the difference between the two different zero voltage storage periods was compared.
The results of the test were that after 7 days of zero voltage storage the battery had no leakage, good performance and 100% capacity; after 30 days of storage, no leakage, good performance and 98% capacity; after 30 days of storage the battery then did 3 charge/discharge cycles and the capacity was back to 100%.
This test shows that even if the 12V 100AH LiFePO4 battery is over-discharged (even to 0V) and stored for a certain period of time, the battery does not leak or get damaged. This is a characteristic that other types of Li-ion batteries do not have.